d;L/ &, @)^@

;dembf/L–kq

g]kfndf nfdf] ;dob]lv rNb} cfPsf] lg/+s'z /fhtGq / nf]stGq (Democracy) aLrsf] ;+3if{ cfh cToGt uDeL/ / gofF df]8df k'u]sf] 5 . ljut bz jif{b]lv hf/L ;z:q åGbsf] cu|ufdL /fhgLlts lgsf;åf/f ;dfwfg ub}{ zflGt :yfkgf ug'{ cfhsf] cfjZostf ePsf] 5 . To;}n] lg/+s'z /fhtGqsf] cGTo u/L k"0f{ nf]stGq :yfkgf ub}{ /fhgLlts, cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts ;a} If]qsf juL{o, hftLo, ln+uLo, If]qLo cflb ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg ug{ /fHosf] cu|ufdL k'g;{+/rgf ub}{ k"0f{ nf]stGqsf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{' ckl/xfo{ cfjZostf ePsf] 5 . b]zdf ljBdfg pQm kl/k|]Io / ;Gbe{df ;+;bleqsf ;ft /fhgLlts bnx? / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ aLr ljleGg 9+un] jftf{ eO{ lgDg k|sf/ ;dembf/L ePsf] s'/f ;fj{hlgs ub{5f}F .

;dembf/L ePsf j'Fbfx?

!= cfh b]zdf nf]stGq, zflGt, ;d[l4, ;fdflhs cu|udg tyf :jtGq ;fj{ef}d g]kfn cfd g]kfnL hgtfsf] k|d'v rfxgf xf] . To;sflglDt k|d'v jfws lg/+s'z /fhtGq xf] eGg] s'/fdf xfdL k"0f{ ;xdt 5f}F . lg/+s'z /fhtGq cGTo u/]/ k"0f{ nf]stGq :yfkgf gu/];Dd b]zdf zflGt, k|ult / ;d[l4 ;Dej 5}g eGg] xfd|f] :ki6 wf/0ff 5 . To;}n] lg/+s'z /fhtGq lj/f]wL ;Dk"0f{ zlQmx?n] lg/+s'z /fhtGqsf lj?4 cf–cfˆgf 7fpFaf6 k|xf/ s]lGb|t ub}{ b]zJofkL nf]stflGqs cfGbf]ngsf] cfFlwj]x/L lgdf{0f u/]/ lg/+s'z /fhtGqnfO{ cGTo u/L k"0f{ nf]stGq :yfkgf ug]{ ;dembf/L ePsf] 5 .

@= cfGbf]ngsf] zlQmn] ;+;bsf] k'g:yf{kgf ug]{ / To;sf] lg0f{on] clwsf/;DkGg ;j{bnLo ;/sf/, dfcf]jfbL;Fu jftf{ / ;xdltsf cfwf/df ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg u/L k"0f{ nf]stGq :yfkgf u/]/ g} b]zdf ljBdfg åGbsf] ;dfwfg ug{ ;lsG5 / ;fj{ef}d;Qf / /fhsLo;Qf k"0f{ ?kn] hgtfdf :yflkt ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] s'/fdf cfGbf]ng/t ;ft /fhgLlts bnx? k"0f{ k|ltj4 5g\ . cfGbf]ng/t nf]stflGqs zlQmx?sf] /fli6«o /fhgLlts ;Dd]ng ug]{ / To;sf] lg0f{on] cGtl/d ;/sf/ agfO{ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg u/]/ pNn]lvt nIo xfl;n ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] wf/0ff / k|ltj4tf /x]sf] 5 . of] k|s[ofut sfo{;"rLsf] ljifodf cfGbf]ng/t ;ft /fhgLlts bn / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ aLrdf ;Djfb rnfpFb} hfg] / ;femf ;xdltsf] vf]hL ug]{ ;dembf/L ag]sf] 5 . pQm nIo xfl;n ug{ hgcfGbf]ngsf] zlQm g} Psdfq ljsNk xf] eGg] s'/fdf ;dembf/L ePsf] 5 .

#= b]zn] cfh ;z:q åGbsf] ;sf/fTds ;dfwfgsf ;fy :yfoL zflGt :yfkgfsf] dfu u/]sf] 5 . To;}n] xfdL lg/+s'z /fhtGqsf] cGTo / pQm k|s[ofut cfwf/df cfpg] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg / k"0f{ nf]stGq :yfkgfsf] cu|ufdL /fhgLlts lgsf;åf/f b]zdf ljBdfg ;z:q åGbsf] cGTo u/L :yfoL zflGt :yfkgf ug{ b[9 ;+slNkt 5f}F . o; k|lqmofåf/f zflGtk"0f{ gofF /fhg}lts wf/df cl3 a9\g g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ k|ltj4tf JoQm ub{5 . o;} ;Gbe{df lg/+s'z /fhtGqsf] cGTo kl5 x'g] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] qmddf dfcf]jfbL ;z:q zlQm / zfxL ;]gfnfO{ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3 jf e/kbf]{ cGt/f{li6«o ;'kl/j]If0fdf /fVg], lgjf{rgnfO{ :jtGq / lgikIf 9+un] ;DkGg ug]{ / lgjf{rgsf] kl/0ffdnfO{ :jLsfg]{ ;dembf/L ePsf] 5 . jftf{ k|lqmofdf ;d]t e/kbf]{ cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfosf] ;+nUgtfnfO{ xfdL ck]Iff ub{5f}F .

$_ k|lt:kwf{Tds ax'bnLo zf;g k|0ffnL, gful/s :jtGqtf, df}lns xs, dfgj clwsf/, sfg"gL /fHosf] cjwf/0ff cflb nf]stflGqs d"NodfGotfk|lt g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_n] cfˆgf] k|ltj4tf k|i6tfsf ;fy ;+:yfut 9+un] ;fj{hlgs ub}{ tbg'?k cfˆgf ultljlwx? cl3 a9fpg] k|ltj4tf JoQm u/]sf] 5 .

%= g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ;z:q åGbsf] qmddf lj:yflkt x'g k'u]sf cGo nf]stflGqs kf6L{sf g]tf, sfo{stf{ / hgtfnfO{ oyf:yfgdf kms]{/ ;;Ddfg a;f]af; ug]{, pgLx?sf] cGofok"0f{ tl/sfaf6 sAhf ul/Psf 3/hUuf ;DklQ lkmtf{ ug]{ / pgLx?nfO{ lgjf{w 9+un] /fhg}lts ultljlw ug{ kfpg] jftfj/0f tof/ ug]{ k|ltj4tf JoQm u/]sf] 5 .

^= ljutsf uNtL sdhf]/Lx?sf] cfTd;dLIff / cfTdcfnf]rgf ub}{ eljiodf uNtL sdhf]/L x'g glbg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_n] k|ltj4tf JoQm u/]sf] 5 .

&= ;ft /fhgLlts bnx?n] ljutdf ;+;b / ;/sf/df 5+bf ePsf uNtL sdhf]/Lk|lt cfTd;dLIff ub}{ ca To:tf uNtL sdhf]/L gbf]xf]¥ofpg] k|ltj4tf JoQm ePsf] 5 .

*= zflGt k|lqmofnfO{ cl3 a9fpg] ;Gbe{df dfgj clwsf/sf d"NodfGotfx?nfO{ k"0f{ ;Ddfg ug]{ / ltgsf cfwf/df cl3 a9\g] tyf k|]; :jtGqtfsf] ;Ddfg ug]{ s'/f k|ltj4tf ul/Psf] 5 .

(= hgtf / cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfonfO{ e|d lbg] tyf /fhfsf] lg/+s'z / cj}wflgs zf;gnfO{ j}wflgstf k|bfg ug]{ s'lT;t p2]Zosfnflu cl3 ;fl/Psf] gu/kflnsfsf] lgjf{rgsf] 3f]if0ff / ;+;bsf] lgjf{rgsf] rrf{ Pp6f sk6k"0f{ rfn ePsfn] To;nfO{ cf–cfˆgf] 9+un] ;lqmo alxisf/ ug]{ 3f]if0ff ub}{ To:tf] lgjf{rgnfO{ c;kmn agfpg cfd hgtfnfO{ cfXjfg ul/Psf] 5 .

!)= hgtf / ltgsf k|ltlglw /fhgLlts bnx? g} /fli6«otfsf jf:tljs kx/]bf/ x'g\ . To;}n] b]zsf] :jfwLgtf, ;fj{ef}ldstf / ef}uf]lns cv08tfsf] /Iff / /fli6«o Pstfk|lt xfdLx? k"0f{ ?kn] k|ltj4 5f}F . zflGtk"0f{ ;xcl:tTjsf l;4fGtsf cfwf/df ;+;f/sf ;a} d'n'sx?;Fu d}qL ;DaGw / l5d]sL d'n'sx?, vf;u/L ef/t / rLg;Fu c;n l5d]sLsf] ;DaGw sfod /fVg' xfdL ;a}sf] ;femf st{Jo xf] . k/Gt' cfˆgf] lg/+s'z / cj}wflgs zf;g l6sfpg / b]zeQm hgtfnfO{ e|d lbg /fhf / /fhfjfbLx?n] d08n] /fi6«jfbsf] xf}jf v8f ug]{ / /fhgLlts bnx?sf] b]zelQmdfly k|ZglrGx v8f ug]{ h'g ldYof k|of; ul//x]sf 5g\ To;af6 ;ts{ /xg xfdL ;Dk"0f{ b]QmeQm hg;d'bfonfO{ cfu|x ub{5f}F / cGt/f{li6«o zlQmx? / hg;d'bfonfO{ g]kfnsf] lg/+s'z /fhtGq lj/f]wL nf]stflGqs cfGbf]ngnfO{ x/t/xn] ;fy lbg ckLn ub{5f}F .

!!= nf]stGq zflGt, ;d[l4, cu|ufdL ;fdflhs kl/jt{g tyf b]zsf] :jtGqtf, ;fj{ef}ldstf / :jfledfgnfO{ s]Gb|df /fv]/ ePsf xfd|f oL ;dembf/Lsf cfwf/df ;+rflnt x'g] zflGtk"0f{ hgcfGbf]ngdf ;lqmo ;xeflutf hgfO{ cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;kmn agfpg xfdL gful/s ;dfh, k]zfut ;d'bfo, hgjuL{o ;+3;+u7gx?, ;a} hflt / If]qsf hgtf, kqsf/ hut, j'l4hLjLx? / cfd g]kfnL hg;d'bfodf xflb{s cfXjfg ub{5f}F .

!@= ljutdf bnx?aLr ePsf cg'ko'Qm Jojxf/x?sf] ;Gbe{df bn ljz]ifn] cfklQ hgfPsf / 5fgjLgsf] dfu u/]sf 36gfx?sf] ;DaGwdf 5fgjLg ug{] / bf]ifL kfOPdf bf]ifLnfO{ sfjf{xL u/L ;fj{hlgs ?kdf hfgsf/L u/fpg] ;femf k|ltj4tf JoQm ePsf] 5 . ca pk/fGt bnx?aLr ;d:of pTkGg eP ;DalGwt tx jf g]t[Tj txdf 5nkmn u/]/ ;Djfbsf] dfWodaf6 ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg ug]{ ;dembf/L ePsf] 5 .

g]kfnL sfFu|];, ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf

g]=s=kf= -Pdfn]_ dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfn

g]kfnL sfFu|]; -k|hftflGqs_ sf=jf= ;efklt uf]kfndfg >]i7

hgdf]rf{ g]kfn, cWoIf clds z]/rg

g]kfn dhb"/ ls;fg kf6L{, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o k|]d ;'jfn

g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{ -cfgGbLb]jL_ pkfWoIf e/tljdn ofbj

;+o'Qm jfddf]rf{ cWoIf s[i0fbf; >]i7